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These subjects' personality characteristics suggest that the fear to relate to others could make it very difficult to establish a therapeutic link. This, in addition to the acting up tendency seen among users, constitutes a call of alert in terms of their likely abandonment of treatment. Further more, as they take impulses into actions, they build a barrier before words. This could be called acting up, doing instead of saying, which can become an obstacle for the appropriate development of the therapeutic process.

The result must consider the size of the sample. Precision oncology is an approach that accounts for individual differences to guide cancer management. Omics signatures have been shown to predict clinical traits for cancer patients.

However, the vast amount of omics information poses an informatics challenge in systematically identifying patterns associated with health outcomes, and no general-purpose data-mining tool exists for physicians, medical researchers, and citizen scientists without significant training in programming and bioinformatics. This system effectively visualizes patients' clinical profiles , executes machine-learning algorithms of choice on the omics data, and evaluates the prediction performance using held-out test sets.

With this tool, we successfully identified genes strongly associated with tumor stage, and accurately predicted patients' survival outcomes in many cancer types, including mesothelioma and adrenocortical carcinoma. By identifying the links between omics and clinical phenotypes, this system will facilitate omics studies on precision cancer medicine and contribute to establishing personalized cancer treatment plans.

Published by Oxford University Press. For Permissions, please email: journals. MPLEx: a method for simultaneous pathogen inactivation and extraction of samples for multi- omics profiling. The continued emergence and spread of infectious agents is of increasing concern due to increased population growth and the associated increased livestock production to meet food demands, increased urbanization and land-use changes, and greater travel.

A systems biology approach to infectious disease research can significantly advance our understanding of host-pathogen relationships and facilitate the development of new therapies and vaccines. Molecular characterization of infectious samples outside of appropriate biosafety containment can only take place subsequent to pathogen inactivation.

This metabolite, protein and lipid extraction MPLEx method resulted in complete inactivation of bacterial and viral pathogens with exposed lipid membranes, including Yersinia pestis, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Campylobacter jejuni in pure culture, and Yersinia pestis, Campylobacter jejuni, West Nile, MERS-CoV, Ebola, and influenza H7N9 viruses in infection studies.

Partial inactivation was observed for pathogens without exposed lipid membranes including To demonstrate that MPLEx yields biomaterial of sufficient quality for subsequent multi- omics analyses, we highlight select proteomics, metabolomics and lipidomics data from human epithelial lung cells infected with wild-type and mutant forms of influenza H7N9.

We believe that MPLEx will facilitate systems biology studies of infectious samples by enabling simultaneous pathogen inactivation. The continued emergence and spread of infectious agents is of great concern, and systems biology approaches to infectious disease research can advance our understanding of host-pathogen relationships and facilitate the development of new therapies and vaccines.

Molecular characterization of infectious samples outside of appropriate biosafety containment can take place only subsequent to pathogen inactivation. This single-sample metabolite, protein and lipid extraction MPLEx method resulted in complete inactivation of clinically important bacterial and viral pathogens with exposed lipid membranes, including Yersinia pestis, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Campylobacter jejuni in pure culture, and Yersinia pestis, Campylobacter jejuni, and West Nile, MERS-CoV, Ebola, and influenza H7N9 viruses in infection studies.

The overall pipeline of inactivation and subsequent proteomic, metabolomic, and lipidomic analyses was evaluated using a human epithelial lung cell line infected with wild-type and mutant influenza H7N9 viruses, thereby demonstrating that MPLEx yields biomaterial of sufficient quality for subsequent multi- omics analyses.

Based on these experimental results, we believe that MPLEx will facilitate systems biology studies of infectious samples by enabling simultaneous pathogen inactivation and multi- omics measurements from a single specimen with high success for pathogens. MPLEx: A method for simultaneous pathogen inactivation and extraction of samples for multi- omics profiling.

Burnum-Johnson, Kristin E. Personality profiles of Australian anaesthetists. Identification of personality traits in anaesthetists has potential implications for selection of trainees, assessment of coping strategies during times of stress and may have a role in the analysis of critical incidents.

A 24 question postal questionnaire based on the Cattell 16PF inventory was sent to specialist anaesthetists in Australia. Personality traits did not differ when the anaesthetists were grouped for age, number of years qualified and country of qualification. Although some traits were consistent, personality profiles showed significant heterogeneity. Further examination of how personality and coping mechanisms interact may be central to the management of stress and critical incident generation.

We applied multi- omics approaches transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics to study the effect of iron starvation on the Gram-positive human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae to elucidate global changes in the bacterium in a condition similar to what can be found in the host during an infectious episode. We treated the reference strain TIGR4 with the iron chelator deferoxamine mesylate.

DNA microarrays revealed changes in the expression of operons involved in multiple biological processes, with a prevalence of genes coding for ion binding proteins. The main proteomic changes were found in proteins related to the primary and amino sugar metabolism, especially in enzymes with divalent cations as cofactors. Finally, the metabolomic analysis of intracellular metabolites showed altered levels of amino sugars involved in the cell wall peptidoglycan metabolism.

This work shows the utility of multi-perspective studies that can provide complementary results for the comprehension of how a given condition can influence global physiological changes in microorganisms. Multi- OMIC profiling of survival and metabolic signaling networks in cells subjected to photodynamic therapy. Photodynamic therapy PDT is an established palliative treatment for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma that is clinically promising. However, tumors tend to regrow after PDT, which may result from the PDT-induced activation of survival pathways in sublethally afflicted tumor cells.

In this study, tumor-comprising cells i. In contrast, supralethal PDT damage was associated with a dampened survival response. PDT also affected various components of glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle as well as metabolites involved in redox signaling. Accordingly, tumor cells sublethally afflicted by PDT are a major therapeutic culprit. Our multi- omic analysis further unveiled multiple druggable targets for pharmacological co-intervention. Higdon, Roger; Earl, Rachel K. Abstract Complex diseases are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, creating a difficult challenge for diagnosis and defining subtypes.

This review article describes how distinct disease subtypes can be identified through integration and analysis of clinical and multi- omics data. A broad shift toward molecular subtyping of disease using genetic and omics data has yielded successful results in cancer and other complex diseases. To determine molecular subtypes, patients are first classified by applying clustering methods to different types of omics data, then these results are integrated with clinical data to characterize distinct disease subtypes.

An example of this molecular-data-first approach is in research on Autism Spectrum Disorder ASD , a spectrum of social communication disorders marked by tremendous etiological and phenotypic heterogeneity. In the case of ASD, omics data such as exome sequences and gene and protein expression data are combined with clinical data such as psychometric testing and imaging to enable subtype identification. Broader use of molecular subtyping in complex disease research is impeded by data heterogeneity, diversity of standards, and ineffective analysis tools.

The future of molecular subtyping for ASD and other complex diseases calls for an integrated resource to identify disease mechanisms, classify new patients, and inform effective treatment options. This in turn will empower and accelerate precision medicine and personalized healthcare. Multi- omic profiles of hepatic metabolism in TPN-fed preterm pigs. Our aim was to characterize the lipidodomic, metabolomic, and transcriptomic profiles these Molecular profiling of marine fauna: integration of omics with environmental assessment of the world's oceans.

Many species that contribute to the commercial and ecological richness of our marine ecosystems are harbingers of environmental change. The ability of organisms to rapidly detect and respond to changes in the surrounding environment represents the foundation for application of molecular profiling technologies towards marine sentinel species in an attempt to identify signature profiles that may reside within the transcriptome, proteome, or metabolome and that are indicative of a particular environmental exposure event.

The current review highlights recent examples of the biological information obtained for marine sentinel teleosts, mammals, and invertebrates. While in its infancy, such basal information can provide a systems biology framework in the detection and evaluation of environmental chemical contaminant effects on marine fauna.

Repeated evaluation across different seasons and local marine environs will lead to discrimination between signature profiles representing normal variation within the complex milieu of environmental factors that trigger biological response in a given sentinel species and permit a greater understanding of normal versus anthropogenic-associated modulation of biological pathways, which prove detrimental to marine fauna.

It is anticipated that incorporation of contaminant-specific molecular signatures into current risk assessment paradigms will lead to enhanced wildlife management strategies that minimize the impacts of our industrialized society on marine ecosystems.

The Werner Kalow Responsible Innovation Prize is given to an exceptional interdisciplinary scholar who has made highly innovative and enduring contributions to global omics science and personalized medicine, with both vertical and horizontal transdisciplinary impacts. The prize is established in memory of a beloved colleague, mentor, and friend, the late Professor Werner Kalow, who cultivated the idea and practice of pharmacogenetics in modern therapeutics commencing in the s.

PRACP, the prize's sponsor, is one of the longest standing learned societies in the Asia-Pacific region, and was founded by Kalow and colleagues more than two decades ago in the then-emerging field of pharmacogenetics. In announcing this inaugural prize and its winner, we seek to highlight the works of prize winner, Professor Lerer. Additionally, we contextualize the significance of the prize by recalling the life and works of Professor Kalow and providing a brief socio-technical history of the rise of pharmacogenetics and personalized medicine as a veritable form of 21 st century scientific practice.

The article also fills a void in previous social science analyses of pharmacogenetics, by bringing to the fore the works of Kalow from to , when he presciently noted the rise of yet another field of postgenomics inquiry--pharmacoepigenetics--that railed against genetic determinism and underscored the temporal and spatial plasticity of genetic components of drug response, with invention of the repeated drug administration RDA method that estimates the dynamic heritabilities of drug response.

The prize goes a long way. Personality Profile of Adolescent Runaways. An overview of the history of adolescent runaway behavior indicates that it has become a social and psychological problem of significant proportions. This study investigated the use of a personality measure that was hypothesized to be representative of a cluster of behaviors associated with running away.

The study also sought to determine a…. Personality Profiles and Selection for Courses. Personality profiles for civil engineers were compared to the British Norms for the 16PF Questionnaire. Civil engineers differ from the British norms on 5 of the 20 factors derived from the questionnaire. These factors indicate the questions on which to concentrate when selecting students for civil engineering courses. Additionally, we contextualize the significance of the prize by recalling the life and works of Professor Kalow and providing a brief socio-technical history of the rise of pharmacogenetics and personalized medicine as a veritable form of 21st century scientific practice.

The article also fills a void in previous social science analyses of pharmacogenetics, by bringing to the fore the works of Kalow from to , when he presciently noted the rise of yet another field of postgenomics inquiry—pharmacoepigenetics—that railed against genetic determinism and underscored the temporal and spatial plasticity of genetic components of drug response, with invention of the repeated drug administration RDA method that estimates the dynamic heritabilities of drug response.

The prize goes a. Wheeler, Heather E. Eileen; Huang, R. Stephanie; Cox, Nancy J. High-confidence prediction of complex traits such as disease risk or drug response is an ultimate goal of personalized medicine. Although genome-wide association studies have discovered thousands of well-replicated polymorphisms associated with a broad spectrum of complex traits, the combined predictive power of these associations for any given trait is generally too low to be of clinical relevance.

We propose a novel systems approach to complex trait prediction, which leverages and integrates similarity in genetic, transcriptomic, or other omics -level data. We translate the omic similarity into phenotypic similarity using a method called Kriging, commonly used in geostatistics and machine learning. Our method called Omic Kriging emphasizes the use of a wide variety of systems-level data, such as those increasingly made available by comprehensive surveys of the genome, transcriptome, and epigenome, for complex trait prediction.

Furthermore, our Omic Kriging framework allows easy integration of prior information on the function of subsets of omics -level data from heterogeneous sources without the sometimes heavy computational burden of Bayesian approaches. Using seven disease datasets from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium WTCCC , we show that Omic Kriging allows simple integration of sparse and highly polygenic components yielding comparable performance at a fraction of the computing time of a recently published Bayesian sparse linear mixed model method.

Using a cellular growth phenotype, we show that integrating mRNA and microRNA expression data substantially increases performance over either dataset alone. Using clinical statin response, we show improved prediction over existing methods. Phytoplankton blooms in coastal areas contribute a large fraction of primary production to the global oceans. Despite their central importance, there are fundamental unknowns in phytoplankton community metabolism, which limit the development of a more complete understanding of the carbon cycle.

Within this complex setting, the tools of systems biology hold immense potential for profiling community metabolism and exploring links to the carbon cycle, but have rarely been applied together in this context. Here we focus on phytoplankton community samples collected from a model coastal system over a three-week period. At each sampling point, we combined two assessments of metabolic function: the meta-transcriptome, or the genes that are expressed by all organisms at each sampling point, and the metabolome, or the intracellular molecules produced during the community's metabolism.

These datasets are inherently complementary, with gene expression likely to vary in concert with the concentrations of metabolic intermediates. Indeed, preliminary data show coherence in transcripts and metabolites associated with nutrient stress response and with fixed carbon oxidation. To date, these datasets are rarely integrated across their full complexity but together they provide unequivocal evidence of specific metabolic pathways by individual phytoplankton taxa, allowing a more comprehensive systems view of this dynamic environment.

Future application of multi- omic profiling will facilitate a more complete understanding of metabolic reactions at the foundation of the carbon cycle. Concerning the discussion about the connection of personality traits, personality disorders, and mental illness, this study focused on the personality profiles of male forensic patients, prison inmates, and young men without criminal reports.

The main topic centered on group-specific personality profiles and identifying personality facets…. POPA: A Personality and Object Profiling Assistant system utilizes an extension and variation of a process developed for decision analysis as a tool to quantify intuitive feelings and subjective judgments.

The technique is based on a manipulation of the Analytical Hierarchy Process. The POPA system models an individual in terms of his character type, life orientation, and incentive motivational factors. Then an object i. The individual and object models are combined to indicate the influence each of the three object factors have on the individual. Gut microbiota play key roles in host nutrition and metabolism.

However, little is known about the relationship between host genetics, gut microbiota and metabolic profiles. Additionally, the carps with the same feeding habits had more similarity in gut microbiota composition and metabolite profiles.

Various metabolites were correlated positively with bacterial taxa involved in food degradation. Our results shed new light on the microbiome and metabolite profiles in the gut content of cyprinid fishes, and highlighted the correlations between host genotype, fish gut microbiome and putative functions, and gut metabolite profiles. Circadi Omics : circadian omic web portal. Circadian rhythms play a fundamental role at all levels of biological organization. Understanding the mechanisms and implications of circadian oscillations continues to be the focus of intense research.

However, there has been no comprehensive and integrated way for accessing and mining all circadian omic datasets. Users can visualize and compare oscillatory trajectories across species, tissues and conditions. Periodicity statistics e. New features and substantial improvements in performance and data volume make Circadi Omics a powerful web portal for integrated analysis of circadian omic data.

This paper recounts the qualitative research conducted to determine if a general personality measure would provide a personality profile for commercial aviation pilots. The results indicate that a 'pilot personality ' does exist. Future research and implications are discussed. The results indicate that a "pilot personality " does exist. Cyan Omics : an integrated database of omics for the model cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC Cyanobacteria are an important group of organisms that carry out oxygenic photosynthesis and play vital roles in both the carbon and nitrogen cycles of the Earth.

The annotated genome of Synechococcus sp. PCC , as an ideal model cyanobacterium, is available. A series of transcriptomic and proteomic studies of Synechococcus sp. PCC cells grown under different conditions have been reported. However, no database of such integrated omics studies has been constructed. Here we present Cyan Omics , a database based on the results of Synechococcus sp. PCC omics studies. Cyan Omics comprises one genomic dataset, 29 transcriptomic datasets and one proteomic dataset and should prove useful for systematic and comprehensive analysis of all those data.

Powerful browsing and searching tools are integrated to help users directly access information of interest with enhanced visualization of the analytical results. Furthermore, Blast is included for sequence-based similarity searching and Cluster 3. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first integrated omics analysis database for cyanobacteria. This database should further understanding of the transcriptional patterns, and proteomic profiling of Synechococcus sp.

PCC and other cyanobacteria. Additionally, the entire database framework is applicable to any sequenced prokaryotic genome and could be applied to other integrated omics analysis projects. Only few studies on snake venoms were dedicated to deeply characterize the toxin secretion of animals from the Colubridae family, despite the fact that they represent the majority of snake diversity.

As a consequence, some evolutionary trends observed in venom proteins that underpinned the evolutionary histories of snake toxins were based on data from a minor parcel of the clade. Here, we investigated the proteins of the totally unknown venom from Phalotris mertensi Dipsadinae subfamily , in order to obtain a detailed profile of its toxins and to appreciate evolutionary tendencies occurring in colubrid venoms.

By means of integrated omics and functional approaches, including RNAseq, Sanger sequencing, high-resolution proteomics, recombinant protein production, and enzymatic tests, we verified an active toxic secretion containing up to 21 types of proteins. A high content of Kunitz-type proteins and C-type lectins were observed, although several enzymatic components such as metalloproteinases and an L-amino acid oxidase were also present in the venom.

Interestingly, an arguable venom component of other species was demonstrated as a true venom protein and named svLIPA snake venom acid lipase. This finding indicates the importance of checking the actual protein occurrence across species before rejecting genes suggested to code for toxins, which are relevant for the discussion about the early evolution of reptile venoms.

Moreover, trends in the evolution of some toxin classes, such as simplification of metalloproteinases and rearrangements of Kunitz and Wap domains, parallel similar phenomena observed in other venomous snake families and provide a broader picture of toxin evolution.

Most research examining the relationship between effective leadership and personality has focused on individual personality traits. However, profiles of personality traits more fully describe individuals, and these profiles may be important as they relate to leadership. This study used latent class analysis to examine how personality traits combine and interact to form subpopulations of leaders, and how these subpopulations relate to performance criteria.

Using a sample of 2, executive-level leaders, six personality profiles were identified: Unpredictable Leaders with Low Diligence 7. One profile performed well on all criteria in an assessment center; remaining profiles exhibited strengths and weaknesses across criteria. Implications and future directions for research are highlighted. Different forms of chronic observable disability may have differing impacts on adult personality adjustment.

Multi- omic profiles of hepatic metabolism in TPN-fed preterm pigs administered new generation lipid emulsions[S. Piglets in all parenteral lipid groups showed differential organ growth versus ENT piglets; whole body growth rate was lowest in IL piglets, yet there were no differences in either energy expenditure or 13C-palmitate oxidation.

The fatty acid and acyl-CoA content of the liver, muscle, brain, and plasma fatty acids reflected the composition of the dietary lipids administered. Genes associated with oxidative stress and inflammation were increased, whereas those associated with alternative pathways of fatty acid oxidation were decreased in all PN groups.

Our results show that new generation lipid emulsions directly enrich tissue fatty acids, especially in the brain, and lead to improved growth and insulin sensitivity compared with a soybean lipid emulsion. In all total PN groups, carnitine levels are limiting to the formation of ACTs and gene expression reflects the stress of excess lipid on liver function.

In the era of precision medicine, multi- omics approaches enable the integration of data from diverse omics platforms, providing multi-faceted insight into the interrelation of these omics layers on disease processes. Single cell sequencing technology can dissect the genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity of bulk tissue and promises to deepen our understanding of the underlying mechanisms governing both health and disease. Through modification and combination of single cell assays available for transcriptome, genome, epigenome, and proteome profiling , single cell multi- omics approaches have been developed to simultaneously and comprehensively study not only the unique genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of single cells, but also the combined regulatory mechanisms evident only at single cell resolution.

In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art single cell multi- omics methods and discuss their applications, challenges, and future directions. RASopathies are associated with a distinct personality profile. Personality is a complex, yet partially heritable, trait. Although some Mendelian diseases like Williams-Beuren syndrome are associated with a particular personality profile , studies have failed to assign the personality features to a single gene or pathway.

A short questionnaire was added to assess sense of humor. RASopathy subjects and sibling controls were compared for individual components of personality , multidimensional personality profiles , and individual questions using Student tests, analysis of variance, and principal component analysis. RASopathy subjects were given lower scores on average compared to sibling controls in agreeableness, extraversion, conscientiousness, openness, and sense of humor, and similar scores in neuroticism.

In addition, several syndrome-specific strengths or weaknesses were observed in individual domains. We describe for the first time an association between a single pathway and a specific personality profile , providing a better understanding of the genetics underlying personality , and new tools for tailoring educational and behavioral approaches for individuals with RASopathies.

How are personality trait and profile agreement related? It is argued that if we compute self-other agreement on some personality traits then we possess no or very little information about the individuals who are the targets of this judgment. This idea is largely based on two separate ways of computing self-other agreement: trait agreement rT and profile agreement rP , which are typically associated with two different trait-centered and person -centered approaches in personality research.

Personality traits of targets from Czech, Belgian, Estonian, and German samples were rated by themselves and knowledgeable informants. We demonstrate that trait agreement can be partialled into individual contributions so that it is possible to show how much each individual pair of judges contributes to agreement on a particular trait. Similarly, it is possible to decompose agreement between two personality profiles into the individual contributions of traits from which these profiles are assembled.

If normativeness is separated from distinctiveness of personality scores and individual profiles are ipsatized, then mean profile agreement rP becomes identical to mean trait agreement rT. The views that trait-by-trait analysis does not provide information regarding accuracy level of a particular pair of judges and profile analysis does not permit assessment of the relative contributions of traits to overall accuracy are not supported.

According to previous research, achieving women display nontraditional personality traits and are influenced by affiliative motives. To examine the needs exhibited by professional women who have made significant achievements, 23 career women physicians, attorneys, veterinarians, business women, politicians, and artists completed the Edwards…. Omics Research on the International Space Station.

The International Space Station ISS is an orbiting laboratory whose goals include advancing science and technology research. For example, Multi- Omics is a JAXA investigation that analyzes human microbial metabolic cross-talk in the space ecosystem by evaluating data from immune dysregulation biomarkers, metabolic profiles , and microbiota composition.

Tissue Regeneration uses pan- omics approaches with cells cultured in bioreactors to characterize factors involved in mammalian bone tissue regeneration in microgravity. Rodent Research-3 includes an experiment that implements pan- omics to evaluate therapeutically significant molecular circuits, markers, and biomaterials associated with microgravity wound healing and tissue regeneration in bone defective rodents. The JAXA Mouse Epigenetics investigation examines molecular alterations in organ specific gene expression patterns and epigenetic modifications, and analyzes murine germ cell development during long term spaceflight.

Lastly, Twins Study "Differential effects of homozygous twin astronauts associated with differences in exposure to spaceflight factors" , NASA's first foray into human omics research, applies integrated analyses to assess biomolecular responses to physical, physiological, and environmental stressors associated. Personality and psychopathological profiles in individuals exposed to mobbing.

Increasingly, mental health and medical professionals have been asked to assess claims of psychological harm arising from harassment at the workplace, or "mobbing. Profiles and factor analyses were obtained. Two major dimensions emerged among those exposed to mobbing: a depressed mood, difficulty in making decisions, change-related anguish, and passive-aggressive traits b somatic symptoms, and need for attention and affection.

This cross-sectional pilot study provides evidence that personality profiles of mobbing victims and psychological damage resulting from mobbing may be evaluated using standardized assessments, though a longitudinal study is needed to delineate cause-and-effect relationships. Neuroanatomical profiles of personality change in frontotemporal lobar degeneration. The neurobiological basis of personality is poorly understood. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration FTLD frequently presents with complex behavioural changes, and therefore potentially provides a disease model in which to investigate brain substrates of personality.

Thirty consecutive individuals fulfilling consensus criteria for FTLD were assessed. Each participant's carer completed a Big Five Inventory BFI questionnaire on five key personality traits; for each trait, a change score was derived based on current compared with estimated premorbid characteristics.

All participants underwent volumetric brain magnetic resonance imaging. The FTLD group showed a significant decline in extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness and an increase in neuroticism. Change in particular personality traits was associated with overlapping profiles of grey matter loss in more anterior cortical areas and relative preservation of grey matter in more posterior areas; the most robust neuroanatomical correlate was identified for reduced conscientiousness in the region of the posterior superior temporal gyrus.

Quantitative measures of personality change in FTLD can be correlated with changes in regional grey matter. The neuroanatomical profiles for particular personality traits overlap brain circuits previously implicated in aspects of social cognition and suggest that dysfunction at the level of distributed cortical networks underpins personality change in FTLD. The confluence of genomic technologies and cognitive computing has brought us to the doorstep of widespread usage of personalized medicine.

Cognitive systems, such as Watson for Genomics WG , integrate massive amounts of new omic data with the current body of knowledge to assist physicians in analyzing and acting on patient's genomic profiles. To what extent psychiatric morbidity and personality factors contribute to marital disharmony and decision to divorce is still an unanswered question in Indian setting. This study was undertaken with aims to find out 1 the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in persons seeking divorce; 2 the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in persons who had good marital adjustment; 3 the nature of psychiatric morbidity observed in these subjects, and 4 the personality profile of these subjects.

Probable psychiatric cases identified by administering GHQ Hindi version were diagnosed according to ICD and personality profile of all cases was studied by using 16 PF. Specific personality factors related to divorce seeking individuals and persons with stable marriage have been identified. The implications of this study are highlighted. To ascertain whether children and adolescents whose ages ranged from 9 to 17 years described distinct profiles of personal resiliency, the Resiliency Scales for Children and Adolescents RSCA were administered to youth who were admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit and were diagnosed with various "DSM-IV-TR" disorders along with the Beck….

Omics and cachexia. The purpose of this review is to recapture recent advances in cachexia-related diseases, mainly cancer cachexia, and treatment using genomic, transcriptomics, proteomic, and metabolomics-related techniques. From recent studies in the cancer cachexia field it is clear that the tumor has a direct effect on distant organs via its secretome. The affected pathways on the other hand were largely known from earlier studies with changes in energy-related pathways mainly lipid metabolism and the protein degradation pathways.

Treatment-oriented studies use mostly rodent models and in-vivo cultures and it is too early for human studies. Omics tools are powerful if used in the right way. Omics research has identified the tumor as an important player in cancer cachexia and some interesting novel treatments have been found in experimental models. Clustering multilayer omics data using MuNCut. Omics profiling is now a routine component of biomedical studies.

In the analysis of omics data, clustering is an essential step and serves multiple purposes including for example revealing the unknown functionalities of omics units, assisting dimension reduction in outcome model building, and others. In the most recent omics studies, a prominent trend is to conduct multilayer profiling , which collects multiple types of genetic, genomic, epigenetic and other measurements on the same subjects.

In the literature, clustering methods tailored to multilayer omics data are still limited. Directly applying the existing clustering methods to multilayer omics data and clustering each layer first and then combing across layers are both "suboptimal" in that they do not accommodate the interconnections within layers and across layers in an informative way.

It is tailored to multilayer omics data and sufficiently accounts for both across- and within-layer connections. It is based on the novel NCut technique and also takes advantages of regularized sparse estimation. It has an intuitive formulation and is computationally very feasible. To facilitate implementation, we develop the function muncut in the R package NcutYX. Under a wide spectrum of simulation settings, it outperforms competitors.

We propose a more effective clustering analysis of multiple omics data. It provides a new venue for jointly analyzing genetic, genomic, epigenetic and other measurements. Exploring personalized searches using tag-based user profiles and resource profiles in folksonomy. With the increase in resource-sharing websites such as YouTube and Flickr, many shared resources have arisen on the Web.

Personalized searches have become more important and challenging since users demand higher retrieval quality. To achieve this goal, personalized searches need to take users' personalized profiles and information needs into consideration. Collaborative tagging also known as folksonomy systems allow users to annotate resources with their own tags, which provides a simple but powerful way for organizing, retrieving and sharing different types of social resources.

In this article, we examine the limitations of previous tag-based personalized searches. To handle these limitations, we propose a new method to model user profiles and resource profiles in collaborative tagging systems. We use a normalized term frequency to indicate the preference degree of a user on a tag. A novel search method using such profiles of users and resources is proposed to facilitate the desired personalization in resource searches.

In our framework, instead of the keyword matching or similarity measurement used in previous works, the relevance measurement between a resource and a user query termed the query relevance is treated as a fuzzy satisfaction problem of a user's query requirements. Experiments using the FMRS data set and the MovieLens data set show that our proposed method outperforms baseline methods. Omics Advances in Ecotoxicology.

Toxic substances in the environment generate adverse effects at all levels of biological organization from the molecular level to community and ecosystem. Given this complexity, it is not surprising that ecotoxicologists have struggled to address the full consequences of toxic substance release at ecosystem level, due to the limits of observational and experimental tools to reveal the changes in deep structure at different levels of organization.

This represents a historic opportunity to transform the way we study toxic substances in ecosystems, through direct linkage of ecological effects with the systems biology of organisms. Three recent examples of - omics advance in the assessment of toxic substances are explored here: 1 the use of functional genomics in the discovery of novel molecular mechanisms of toxicity of chemicals in the environment; 2 the development of laboratory pipelines of dose-dependent, reduced transcriptomics to support high-throughput chemical testing at the biological pathway level; and 3 the use of eDNA metabarcoding approaches for assessing chemical effects on biological communities in mesocosm experiments and through direct observation in field monitoring.

Subscores are of increasing interest in educational and psychological testing due to their diagnostic function for evaluating examinees' strengths and weaknesses within particular domains of knowledge. Previous studies about the utility of subscores have mostly focused on the overall reliability of individual subscores and ignored the fact that subscores should be distinct and have added value over the total score. This study introduces a profile reliability approach that partitions the overall subscore reliability into within- person and between- person subscore reliability.

The estimation of between- person reliability and within- person reliability coefficients is demonstrated using subscores from number-correct scoring, unidimensional and multidimensional item response theory scoring, and augmented scoring approaches via a simulation study and a real data study. The effects of various testing conditions, such as subtest length, correlations among subscores, and the number of subtests, are examined. Results indicate that there is a substantial trade-off between within- person and between- person reliability of subscores.

Profile reliability coefficients can be useful in determining the extent to which subscores provide distinct and reliable information under various testing conditions. Sexting among Spanish adolescents: Prevalence and personality profiles. Voluntarily sending sexual content e. The aims of this study were: 1 to analyze the prevalence and trends of sexting among adolescents by gender and age and 2 to examine the personality profile of adolescents that participated in sexting.

The sample consisted of 3, Spanish adolescents from 12 to 17 years of age The overall prevalence of sexting was The prevalence was 3. Overall, no differences were found between males and females. The personality profile of those involved in sexting was characterized by higher Extraversion and Neuroticism and by lower scores in Conscientiousness and Agreeableness.

Given its high prevalence, beyond adopting a perspective based on the dangers of sexting, an educational approach that emphasizes responsible and informed use of information and communication technologies is necessary. Clinical multi- omics strategies for the effective cancer management. Cancer is a global health issue as a multi-factorial complex disease, and early detection and novel therapeutic strategies are required for more effective cancer management.

With the development of systemic analytical - omics strategies, the therapeutic approach and study of the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis and cancer progression have moved from hypothesis-driven targeted investigations to data-driven untargeted investigations focusing on the integrated diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer in individual patients. Predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine PPPM is a promising new approach to reduce the burden of cancer and facilitate more accurate prognosis, diagnosis, as well as effective treatment.

Here we review the fundamentals of, and new developments in, - omics technologies, together with the key role of a variety of practical - omics strategies in PPPM for cancer treatment and diagnosis. In this review, a comprehensive and critical overview of the systematic strategy for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine PPPM for cancer disease was described in a view of cancer prognostic prediction, diagnostics, and prevention as well as cancer therapy and drug responses.

We have discussed multi-dimensional data obtained from various resources and integration of multisciplinary - omics strategies with computational method which could contribute the more effective PPPM for cancer. This review has provided the novel insights of the current applications of each and combined - omics technologies, which showed their powerful potential for the establishment of PPPM for cancer. The production of heterologous proteins in CHO cells imposes a burden on the host cell metabolism and impact cellular physiology on a global scale.

We found no evidence supporting the existence of production bottlenecks in energy metabolism i. Interestingly, the adaptation was followed by an increase in specific EPO productivity. This article describes the harassment patterns and the risk profile in trans people living in Spain. A sample of trans persons , aged , participated in this cross-sectional study. Results showed a high percentage of harassment Harassment is more prevalent in trans women than men.

Those who disclose their gender identities at a younger age experience higher percentages and frequency of harassment than those who disclose at an older age. They also suffer more harassment of different types. The risk profile of harassment indicates that older trans women are more likely to suffer harassment than younger ones, and the risk decreases each year they delay their gender identity disclosure. The elimination of transphobic attitudes and the promotion of gender justice should be priority strategies in Spain.

Maternal and paternal personality profiles of adolescent suicide attempters. Personality features have been correlated with suicidal behaviors in recent decades. Given its neurobiological background, Cloninger's model of personality , the Temperament and Character Inventory TCI , may help to identify the maternal and paternal personality dimensions associated with adolescent suicide attempts.

The present study is the first that specifically compares the temperament and character profiles of both mothers and fathers of the adolescent suicide attempters with a control group, by considering the influence of demographic and clinical factors. The study group comprised parents of 71 adolescent suicide attempters and parents of 71 age- and gender-matched adolescents without a suicide attempt included as a control group.

Logistic regression analysis, which was performed to adjust confounding factors, demonstrated significantly higher scores for harm avoidance among the mothers and lower scores of self-directedness among the fathers of the adolescent suicide attempters. New psychotherapeutic modalities considering the high-risk parental personality traits would be beneficial to support parent-adolescent relationships and may have a preventative effect on adolescent suicide.

Personality profiles in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD. Previous studies suggested that the presence of ADHD in children and young adolescents may affect the development of personality. Whether or not the persistence of ADHD in adult life is associated with distinct personality patterns is still matter for debate. High HA scores correlated with inattention symptoms whereas high NS and ST scores were related to hyperactive symptoms.

Techniques for integrating - omics data. The challenge for - omics research is to tackle the problem of fragmentation of knowledge by integrating several sources of heterogeneous information into a coherent entity. It is widely recognized that successful data integration is one of the keys to improve productivity for stored data.

Through proper data integration tools and algorithms, researchers may correlate relationships that enable them to make better and faster decisions. The need for data integration is essential for present - omics community, because - omics data is currently spread world wide in wide variety of formats.

These formats can be integrated and migrated across platforms through different techniques and one of the important techniques often used is XML. XML is used to provide a document markup language that is easier to learn, retrieve, store and transmit. It is semantically richer than HTML. Here, we describe bio warehousing, database federation, controlled vocabularies and highlighting the XML application to store, migrate and validate - omics data.

Personal and professional profile of mountain medicine physicians. The purpose of this study was to define and describe the personal and professional profile of mountain medicine physicians including general physical training information and to include a detailed overview of the practice of mountain sports.

A group of physicians participating in a specialized mountain medicine education program filled out a standardized questionnaire. The data obtained from this questionnaire were first analyzed in a descriptive way and then by statistical methods chi2 test, t test, and analysis of variance. Detailed results have been provided for gender, age, marital status, general training frequency and methods, professional status, additional medical qualifications, memberships in professional societies and alpine clubs, mountain sports practice, and injuries sustained during the practice of mountain sports.

This study has provided a detailed overview concerning the personal and professional profile of mountain medicine physicians. Juvenile sex offenders: Personality profile , coping styles and parental care. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in juvenile sex offenders showing that this population is highly heterogeneous.

The results show that JSOs differs from JNSOs in some domains, such as living in single-parent homes, while maintain some common aspects such as academic failure and previous sexual intercourse. These findings provide additional evidence with respect the prevention and treatment of criminal sexual behavior in adolescent. Integrative Analysis of Omics Big Data.

The diversity and huge omics data take biology and biomedicine research and application into a big data era, just like that popular in human society a decade ago. They are opening a new challenge from horizontal data ensemble e.

Data integration is an effective concept to solve the complex problem or understand the complicate system. Several benchmark studies have revealed the heterogeneity and trade-off that existed in the analysis of omics data. Integrative analysis can combine and investigate many datasets in a cost-effective reproducible way. Current integration approaches on biological data have two modes: one is "bottom-up integration" mode with follow-up manual integration, and the other one is "top-down integration" mode with follow-up in silico integration.

This paper will firstly summarize the combinatory analysis approaches to give candidate protocol on biological experiment design for effectively integrative study on genomics and then survey the data fusion approaches to give helpful instruction on computational model development for biological significance detection, which have also provided newly data resources and analysis tools to support the precision medicine dependent on the big biomedical data.

DANC The event must be sanctioned by a formal collegiate or industry governing body. For more information, please contact CSM's Office of Planning, Research and Institutional Effectiveness at or email: csmplanning-research smccd. Persons seeking information concerning CSM campus law enforcement procedures, crime prevention efforts, and crime statistics should contact the College Security Office, Building 1, Room The Act also requires institutions to make available the completion or graduation rate of certificate or degree-seeking full-time students.

Persons seeking information concerning completion or graduation rates specified by the Act should contact the Office of Planning, Research and Institutional Effectiveness, Building 10, Third Floor Scalable between. Department of Education, require all institutions that participate in the student financial assistance programs authorized under Title IV of the Higher Education Act of , to report certain information about students who enrolled in Title IV - eligible educational programs that lead to gainful employment in a recognized occupation.

In addition to this policy, the District continues to maintain its employee and student policies pertaining to the possession and use of alcohol and drugs on District property. Employees and students who are under the influence of an intoxicant while on District property are subject to disciplinary action, pursuant to current policies which regulate employee and student conduct.

The unlawful manufacture, distribution, dispensation, possession, or use of alcohol or a controlled substance in the workplace or educational facilities and on any District property is strictly prohibited. It is the responsibility of each District student to adhere to the regulations of this drug-free policy. Students found to be in violation of this policy by the unlawful manufacturing, distributing, dispensing, possessing or using alcohol or a controlled substance on District property will be subject to disciplinary measures up to, and including expulsion, pursuant to District policy.

Persons seeking further information concerning this policy or the health risks and effects associated with alcohol and narcotics or other dangerous or illegal drugs should contact Sharon Bartels, Health Services coordinator, Health Center, Public Safety and Medical Services Building 1, Room Es ilegal manufacturar, distribuir, dispensar, poseer o consumir alcohol o cualquier substancia controlada en el sitio laboral, en cualquier sitio destinado a fines educativos, o en cualquier sitio perteneciente al Distrito.

Student Success and Support Program SSSP The Student Success and Support Program replaces the Seymour-Campbell Matriculation Act of and recognizes that student success is the responsibility of the institution and the student, and supported by well-coordinated student and instructional services to foster academic success.

All students who plan to complete a certificate or associate degree, a university transfer program, or who are undecided but considering one of the aforementioned goals must actively participate in SSSP requirements and use the services noted below as part of the enrollment steps to register at College of San Mateo.

Also, all students who participate in the College of San Mateo financial aid program, and veterans who plan to receive GI benefits while attending the College must comply with the enrollment steps and actively participate in SSSP services. Students who participate in the SSSP services of assessment, orientation, and engage in academic planning with a counselor and maintain a comprehensive student educational plan receive higher registration priority than students who do not participate in SSSP.

Student Success and Support Program Services: 1. Assessment results are used to determine course selection, honors eligibility and referral to specialized support services. Orientation Services — Available for new and returning students through the Counseling Support Services office. Services include programs that assist students with their student educational plan. Counseling services are available to all students who participate in the SSSP and complete assessment and orientation.

Student Educational Plan SEP - Students are provided assistance to develop a comprehensive SEP that include required courses and resource referrals needed to meet an educational goal. Follow-up Services and Programs — Students receive continued support, and assistance to define course of study and development of comprehensive SEP by the end of the third term but no later than completion of 15 units of degree applicable coursework. Other services and programs.

Intervention Activities and Support Students who fall out of good academic standing or are otherwise experiencing academic difficultly, or are determined to be at-risk students are provided support through the Orientation Services programs. Nondiscrimination Policy College of San Mateo is committed to equal opportunity regardless of age, gender, marital status, disability, race, color, sexual orientation, religion, national origin, or other similar factors, for admission to the College, enrollment in classes, student services, financial aid, and employment in accordance with the provisions of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 45CRF 86 , Section , Rehabilitation Act of P.

It is important that students, staff, and all others associated with the College understand the importance of reporting concerns about possible violations of this policy. Any person seeking information concerning these laws and policies or claiming grievance because of alleged violations of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act and Sec. All grievances will be reviewed in terms of Title VI and Title IX law, and persons involved will be advised of the provisions of the law and their legal rights.

If normal channels are not available or fail to meet legal requirements, the necessary action will be initiated. Ang Kolehiyo ng San Mateo ay nagbibigay ng pantay na pagkakataon sa lahat anuman ang edad, kasarian, katayuang marital, kapansanan, lahi, kulay, orientasyong seksuwal, relihiyon, bansang pinagmulan, o iba pang batayan, para sa pagtanggap sa Kolehiyo, pagpapatala sa klase, serbisyo sa estudyante, tulong na pinansiyal, at trabaho ayon sa mga itinatadhana ng Title VI ng Civil Rights Act, Title IX ng Educational Amendments ng 45CRF 86 , Section , Rehabilitation Act of P.

Mahalagang maintindihan ng mga estudyante, kawani, at lahat ng iba pang kaugnay ng Kolehiyo ang kahalagahan ng pag-uulat ng mga tungkol sa posibleng paglabag sa patakarang ito. Upang maibigay ng Kolehiyo ang pantay na pagkakataon, kailangan ang kumpletong imbestigasyon ng posibleng paglabag at ng pagkakataon para sa pantay at walang kinikilingang pagdinig ng anumang bagay na may kinalaman sa mga batas at patakaran. Sinumang naghahangad ng impormasyon tungkol sa mga batas at patakarang ito o nagrereklamo ng paglabag sa Title VI ng Civil Rights Act at Sec.

Telephone Ang lahat ng reklamo ay susuriin ayon sa batas ng Title VI at Title IX, at ang mga taong kasangkot ay pagpapayuhan ng mga tadhana ng batas at ng kanilang mga legal na karapatan. Kung ang mga normal na paraan ay hindi magagamit o hindi matugunan ang mga pangangailangang legal, ang kinakailangang hakbang ay gagawin.

Ang opisina ay hahawak ng mga rekord ng lahat ng reklamong pang- Title VI at Title IX, at iuulat sa Lupon ng Apirmatibong Aksiyon ang katayuan ng reklamo at hakbang tungo sa kalutasan. Parking Permit Requirements All persons driving motor vehicles except motorcycles on to campus and utilizing the parking facilities during regular class hours Monday-Friday, 7 am—10 pm , including final examinations, are required to obtain and display a parking permit on their vehicle.

A parking permit is not required for students riding motorcycles and parking must be in designated Motorcycle Parking in Marie Curie Lot 5 and Galileo Lot 6. Please see the Fees section on page 10 for permit types and costs. Displaying Student Parking Permits Permits must be displayed in the vehicle with the number visible from the exterior of the vehicle.

Administration Building, Room Relations Plastic permit hangers may be obtained from Permits may be used on multiple vehicles. Vehicles with improperly displayed permits will be subject to citation. Daily permits are valid in all lots where, and when, students are authorized to park. These permits must be displayed face-up on the dashboard. A grace period allowing for the purchase of permits will be in effect during the first two weeks of the spring and fall semesters and the first week of the summer session.

The grace period pertains only to permits with all other parking regulations enforced at all times in all parking lots and roadways. Traffic and Parking Regulations The speed limit on the campus is 15 mph. Parking is permitted only on blacktop surfaces in specifically marked parking spaces. Parking on unpaved areas, in roadways, in crosshatched areas, in marked end zones, in areas posted as no parking zones or in any unauthorized area is prohibited.

Vehicles parked backed into diagonal parking spaces inches can createwide: a hazard when exiting and will be. Driving or parking within the inner campus is prohibited. Stopped or standing vehicles on sidewalks, roadways or restricted areas will be subject to citation.

Parking and traffic regulations are enforced by the Campus Safety Department staff, and violators are cited to the civil administrative procedures on campus as set forth in the California Vehicle Code. Students who violate traffic regulations are subject to disciplinary action as outlined in the student conduct code. The College reserves the right to change parking regulations for special events.

Bicycles may be operated on campus. The California Vehicle Code prohibits the operation of bicycles on sidewalks. Special Parking for Students with Disabilities Blue handicapped parking spaces have been provided in Lots 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 11, and 12 see Campus Map.

These rights include: 1. Students should submit to the registrar, dean, head of the academic department, or other appropriate official, written requests that identify the record s they wish to inspect. The College official will make arrangements for access and notify the student of the time and place where the records may be inspected. If the records are not maintained by the College official to whom the request was submitted, that official shall advise the student.

Students may ask the College to amend a record that they believe is inaccurate or misleading. They should write the College official responsible for the record, clearly identify the part of the record they want changed, and specify why it is inaccurate or misleading. If the College decides not to amend the record as requested by the student, the College will notify the student of the decision and advise the student of his or her right to a hearing regarding the request for amendment.

Additional information regarding the hearing procedures will be provided to the student when notified of the right to a hearing. One exception, which permits disclosure without consent, is disclosure to school officials with legitimate educational interests. A school official is a person employed by the College in an administrative, supervisory, academic or research, or support staff position including law enforcement unit personnel and health staff ; a person or company with whom the College has contracted such as an attorney, auditor, or collection agent ; a person serving on the Board of Trustees; or a student serving on an official committee, such as a disciplinary or grievance committee, or assisting another school official in performing his or her tasks.

A school official has a legitimate educational interest if the official needs to review an education record in order to Scalable inches: fulfillabove his or her. The right to file a complaint with the U. External entities have access to only the following directory information 1 stuScalable between. Appropriate college personnel as noted in No.

The Federal Solomon Act requires colleges to release full directory information including address to U. Armed Forces. Se incluyen los siguientes: 1. El derecho de reclamar con el U. Sexual Assault Policy It is the policy of the San Mateo County Community College District to educate all students, faculty, and staff on the prevention of sexual assault. The District and Colleges will provide information to all faculty, staff, and registered students on the definition of sexual assault, how to prevent it, and how to report it if assaulted.

Any sexual assault or physical abuse, including, but not limited to, rape, as defined by California law, whether committed by a student, faculty, staff, administrator, visitor, or invitee of College of San Mateo, occurring on College property, or on an off-campus site or facility maintained by the College, or on grounds or facilities maintained by a student organization, is a violation of College policies and regulations, and is subject to all applicable punishment, including criminal procedures and employee or student discipline procedures.

It is the policy of the San Mateo County Community College District and the College of San Mateo to provide an educational and work environment free from unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct or communications constituting sexual harassment. The District promotes zero tolerance for behaviors which constitute sexual harassment in its educational and workplace environment for both employees and non-employees. El Distrito no tolera en absoluto ninguna conducta designada acoso sexual en el sitio laborable y educativo, ya sea por empleados o estudiantes.

Any faculty, staff member, or student who has been sexually assaulted should immediately contact the Health Center, , or the Security Office, Cualquier estudiante, empleado o profesor que haya sufrido un atentado sexual debe contactar inmediatamente el Health Center, , o la Security Office, This policy defines sexual harassment and sets forth a procedure for the investigation and resolution of complaints of sexual harassment by or against any faculty member, staff member, Board member or student within the District.

Sexual harassment violates State and Federal laws, as well as this policy, and will not be tolerated. It is also illegal to retaliate against any individual for filing a complaint of sexual harassment or for participating in a sexual harassment investigation.

Retaliation constitutes a violation of this policy. It is the responsibility of each District employee and student to maintain a level of conduct that is in compliance with District policy. Employees who violate this policy may be subject to disciplinary action up to and including termination. Students who violate this policy may be subject to disciplinary measures up to and including expulsion. The District provides both informal and formal complaint resolution procedures; considers as serious matters all complaints of sexual harassment; is committed to full investigation and resolution; and takes steps to ensure that persons complaining of sexual harassment will not be subjected to retaliation or reprisals of any kind.

Students or staff seeking further information concerning this policy or claiming grievance because of alleged violations of this policy should contact the Vice-Chancellor of Human Resources and Employee Relations, Additional Redress In addition to and concurrently with the filing of a written grievance, a student has the right to file a complaint or charges with other appropriate governmental agencies such as the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the Office for Civil Rights, the Department of Fair Employment and Housing, the Chancellor's Office of the California Community Colleges, or state or federal court.

Smoking Policy It is the policy of San Mateo County Community College District to provide a safe learning and working environment for both students and employees. There is also evidence that vapor from e-cigarettes may be harmful. Therefore, it is the intent of the District to provide a smokefree environment to the greatest extent possible.

To achieve this goal, smoking will be limited to parking lots only except in Socrates Lot 4 where smoking is also prohibited. This policy shall apply to all owned or leased District facilities and all owned or leased District vehicles. Smoking is prohibited in all indoor locations within the District. District managers are responsible for publicizing the policy to students, employees and visitors, and are responsible for the posting of signs.

Notification about the policy on smoking will be included in employee and student publications, newsletters and in other written materials as appropriate. In addition, materials which are used to publicize District public events will include policy notification to the general public.

To assist in the implementation of this policy, the District will provide education and training in the areas of smoking dangers and smoking cessation. It is the responsibility of all students. Failure to comply with the policy on smoking will be treated in the same manner as other violations of District Rules and Regulations and may result in disciplinary action.

It is the responsibility of College and District Office managers to enforce the policy on smoking. Disputes over the interpretation of the policy or complaints about individuals violating the policy should be brought to the attention of the person's supervisor, the Vice-President of Student Services at the College level, or the Vice-Chancellor of Human Resources and Employee Relations in the District Office. When the evidence is non-persuasive on. Such disputes shall be settled at the lowest management level.

This policy does not supercede more restrictive policies which may be in force in compliance with State or Federal regulations. Video Surveillance In order to deter crime, prevent vandalism and maintain a safe and secure environment for students and staff, the District employs electronic surveillance in and around buildings, parking lots and roadways. Student Rights and Responsibilities The principle of personal honor is the basis for student conduct. The honor system rests on the sincere belief that College of San Mateo students are mature and self-respecting, and can be relied upon to act as responsible and ethical members of society.

Each individual has the obligation to observe the College rules and regulations. Social or other functions using the name of the College are thereby identified as College functions and become subject to the same standards of conduct and of supervision, whether conducted on or off the campus. Social or other functions for which no College staff member is listed as a sponsor are not considered College functions. Further, no off-campus organizations may use the name of the College of San Mateo or imply College sponsorship in any publicity or other information.

Derechos y responsabilidades estudiantiles La base de la conducta estudiantil reside en el principio de la honradez personal. Students attending any college in the San Mateo County Community College District will have full access to the Board policies under which these colleges operate and will be assured due process in instances when a regulation allegedly is violated.

Students enrolled in the Colleges of the District are expected to conduct themselves as responsible citizens and in a manner compatible with the District College function as Scalable above. Students are also subject to civil authority and to the specific regulations established by each College in the District. Violators shall be subject to disciplinary action, as defined in Board Procedure 7. A system of derived authority provides the basis for the regulation of the conduct of students of the San Mateo County Community College District.

Authority for the public educational system in California rests with the state. The state legislature has full authority, subject only to the limits placed upon it by the Constitution of the United States and the State of California, and fulfills duty as follows: Scalable between.

By delegating authority to local agencies such as the Board of Trustees of the San Mateo County Community College District, which, in turn, may delegate its administrative authority. The following actions are prohibited and may lead to appropriate disciplinary action: 1. Aiding or abetting, as defined in Section 31 of the Penal Code, the infliction or attempted infliction of physical injury to another person. Harassing, intimidating or threatening a student who is a witness in a school disciplinary proceeding, administrative proceeding or law enforcement investigation for the purpose of preventing the student from being a witness or retaliation for being a witness.

Causing or attempting to cause, threatening to cause or participating in an act of hate violence, as defined in Education Code Section e. Engaging in intimidating conduct or bullying against another student through words or actions, including direct physical contact; verbal assaults, such as teasing or name-calling; social isolation or manipulation; and cyberbullying.

Engaging in physical or verbal disruption of instructional or student services activities, administrative procedures, public service functions, or authorized curricular or co-curricular activities or prevention of authorized guests from carrying out the purpose for which they are on campus.

Terroristic threats against school ofinches wide: ficials, students or school property as defined in Education Code Section. Knowingly receiving stolen property belonging to the College District. Participation in hazing. Misrepresentation of oneself or of an organization as an agent of the College District.

Dishonesty such as cheating, plagiarism, or knowingly furnishing false information to the College and its officials. Infringement or violation of copyright laws. Definitions: When used in this policy: Continued and willful disobedience 1. District premises — any building or grounds owned, leased, operated, con Failure to identify oneself when on Coltrolled or supervised by the District.

District or College sponsored activity — Stalking, defined as a pattern of conduct any activity on or off the District or Colby a student with intent to follow, alarm, lege premises that is directly initiated or harass another person, and which or supervised by the District or a District causes that person to reasonably fear for organization his or her safety, and where the student 5.

Weapon — any object or substance has persisted in the pattern of conduct designed or used to inflict a wound or after the student has been told to cease cause injury the pattern of conduct. Violation of a 6. Reckless — conduct which one should restraining order shall constitute stalkreasonably be expected to know would ing under this policy.

Committing sexual harassment as de7. Will and Shall — are used in the imperafined by law or by District policies and tive sense. Disciplinary Action while criminal charges Engaging in harassing or discriminatory are pending: behavior based on nationality, religion, Students may be accountable both to law gender,.

Persistent, serious misconduct where that criminal charges involving the same other means of correction have failed to incident have been dismissed or reduced. District activity or attendance. Any viola Violation of other applicable Federal, tion of law, ordinance, regulation or rule State and Municipal statutes and District regulating or pertaining to, the parking of and College rules and regulations in convehicles, shall not be cause for removal, nection with attendance at programs or suspension, or expulsion of a student.

Unauthorized computer usage, includ- Code Sections All proceedings held in accordance with these procedures shall relate only to an alleged violation of established standards. The Disciplinary Officer shall be responsible for investigating and processing the alleged violation of the Student Code of Conduct.

Step 1. Step 2. Administrative Conference or Student Disciplinary Hearing Based on the review of the alleged code of conduct violations, the Disciplinary Officer shall determine if the matter goes to an Administrative Conference or to a Student Disciplinary Hearing. Administrative Conference The Disciplinary Officer shall schedule a meeting with the student involved to inform the student of the alleged offense.

Based on the information at the Conference, the Disciplinary Officer may either dismiss the charges for lack of merit or notify the student of one or more disciplinary actions being taken described in Step 3. The student may request the opportunity for a Student Disciplinary Hearing. Student Disciplinary Hearing Hearing Notice: A notice of the hearing will be sent to the student and shall specify the date, time, and place of the hearing, a statement of the charges against the student, and the date, time, and location that the tangible evidence will be made available for inspection and when applicable.

A copy of the disciplinary procedures shall also be enclosed. Student Disciplinary Board: The Disciplinary Board shall include: one 1 student selected from the pool submitted by the Associated Student Organization governing body, one 1 faculty member selected from the pool submitted by the Academic Senate and one staff member from a pool submitted by CSEA and the Management Group.

A Judicial Officer will also be appointed to assure the process is followed. No person shall serve as a member of the Disciplinary Board if that person has been personally involved or could otherwise not act in a neutral manner. The student may request the names of the Disciplinary Board members and may challenge for cause any member of the Disciplinary Board by addressing the challenge to the Disciplinary Board Chairperson, who shall determine whether the cause for disqualification has been shown.

Formal Hearing Process: Absence of the Student: The hearing shall proceed in the absence of the student. Chairperson: Prior to the hearing, the Board shall select a Chairperson. The chairperson shall preside over the hearing.

Behavior: Disruptive behavior will not be tolerated and will result in exclusion of individuals. Hearing Process: A document describing the process for conducting disciplinary hearings will be distributed to all members of the Disciplinary Board. The Judicial Officer will assure the process is followed.

Charges: The Chairperson shall distribute copies of the charges and incident reports to the members of the Board, read the charges aloud, and ask the student if the charges have been received. Representation: The disciplinary hearing is an internal due process hearing conducted by the colleges of the San Mateo County Community Scalable. Parties not allowed to be represented by legal counsel at any time dur-.

Participants: A student may be accompanied by a person of his or her choice who is an observer only. Each person present will be asked to identify themselves by name. Witnesses: Each side shall be entitled to call witnesses. All witnesses shall be excluded from the hearing process except when testifying.

Accommodations of such concerns may be addressed by providing separate facilities, providing participation by telephone, videophone, videoconferencing, videotape, audio tape, written statement, or other means, as determined in the judgment of the Disciplinary Officer. Any testimony of a witness that is not subject to the direct examination of an accused student shall only be admitted if the witness signs under penalty of perjury that the testimony is true and accurate. Plea: The student shall admit or deny responsibility for each charge.

If the student admits each charge and wishes to present no evidence of mitigating circumstances or other defense, the Board shall retire to make its decision. If the student denies any or all of the charges, or wishes to present evidence of mitigating circumstances, the hearing shall proceed.

Recording: The hearing may be recorded by the college and shall be the only recording made. The recording shall remain the property of the college. If recorded, no witness who refuses to be recorded may be permitted to give testimony. Committee deliberations shall not be recorded.

Information: Formal rules of evidence shall not apply. All relevant information is admissible, including but not limited to testimony of witnesses, physical objects, police or security officer reports, photographs, and copies of documents. Any and all information will be entered for the record. Disciplinary Board Deliberation: The Disciplinary Board shall retire to deliberate in closed session with only the members of the Board and the Judicial Officer present.

The Disciplinary Board shall reach its decision based only upon the evidence presented and shall not consider matters outside of the record. The Board shall recommend disciplinary sanctions to the Disciplinary Officer based inches wide: upon its findings. Step 3. Disciplinary Action s Recommended If a student is found responsible for violating the Student Code of Conduct, either through the Administrative Conference or Disciplinary Hearing process, one or more of the following types of disciplinary actions may be recommended, based on Board Procedure, 7.

Further violation of the Student Code of Conduct will result in more severe sanctions. This may take the form of appropriate service or other compensation. Any college instructor, for good cause, may remove a student from the classroom for the day of the incident and the next regular class meeting. For removal from class, the following process should be followed: 1.

Before ordering the removal of any student from class, the instructor shall first give or make reasonable efforts to give the student an oral or written notice of the reasons for the proposed removal. Expulsion Disciplinary Process - Students who have been accused of violating the Code of Conduct go through the Steps listed above. If, in Step 3, the recommendation is for Expulsion, the following describes the additional process for that sanction.

Expulsion of a student is the indefinite termination of student status and all attending rights and privileges. Expulsion of a student is accomplished by action of the Board of Trustees on recommendation of the College President and the Chancellor. An expelled student shall not be allowed to register in any subsequent semester without the approval of the College President.

The process is as follows:. Board of Trustees in public session shall be made a part of the public record and forwarded to the student. Other documents and materials shall be regarded as confidential and will be made public only if the student requests a public hearing.

Step 4. Written Decision 1. The Disciplinary Officer may adopt the recommendations made or make changes. The Disciplinary Officer should then promptly send a copy of the decision to the student by certified mail. A copy will also be sent to the President. If the student is a minor, the report shall be sent to the parent or guardian. If the recommended disciplinary action is expulsion, the recommendation for this action will be made to the Board of Trustees.

Expulsion proceedings will be completed upon action by the Board of Trustees. The College President shall forward to the Chancellor a letter of recommendation for expulsion which includes a brief statement of charges and a confidential statement of background and evidence 4.

A student may appeal the decision using the relating to the charge s. The Chancellor shall review the recom5. The President shall notify the District mendation for expulsion with the Office Chancellor of any decision to suspend a of County Counsel. The Chancellor, as Secretary for the Board of Trustees, shall forward a letter to the 6. Disciplinary files shall her of the charges and the intention of be retained for at least five 5 years from the Board of Trustees to hold a closed the time of a final determination.

Unless a student requests a public hear- Step 5. Appeal to the President Scalableingabove. A student may appeal to the College Presithe scheduled hearing, the hearing shall dent within two 2 days of the delivery of be conducted in closed session.

Because susd. The student is entitled to be present durpended students are not allowed on District ing presentation of the case and may be property such appeals shall be submitted accompanied by a representative. If the in writing by email or letter to the College student chooses to be represented by an President within two days after receipt of attorney, the student must so notify the the written decision.

Chancellor no later than five working 2. The student may request the College days prior to the hearing. The district that was not conducted fairly in light of bears the burden of proof. The report of final action taken by the and that denied the student a reasonable. Copies of the College President's appeal decision shall be sent to the student and the Chairperson of the Disciplinary Board.

Step 6. Appeal to the Chancellor 1. The student may request the Chancellor to review findings or a sanction recommended as a result of the Student Disciplinary Hearing only if it addresses either 1 due process or 2 new information.

Copies of the Chancellor's appeal decision shall be sent to the student and the Chairperson of the Disciplinary Board. Step 7. The Board of Trustees shall provide the student with a hearing, if requested, and shall review the appeal. The decision of the Board of Trustees is final. Definitions: Party — The student or any persons claimed to have been responsible for the student's alleged grievance, together with their representatives. Student — A currently enrolled student, a person who has filed an application for admission to the college, or a former student.

A grievance by an applicant shall be limited to a complaint regarding denial of admission. Former students shall be limited to grievances relating to course grades to the extent permitted by Education Code Section a. Respondent — Any person claimed by a grievant to be responsible for the alleged grievance. Judicial Officer — Member of the Student Disciplinary Board of Trustees responsible for ensuring that the Formal Hearing process is followed according to established procedures. All access to or release of such records to members of the public shall also be in accordance with state and federal law.

Upon closure of a disciplinary investigation, conference or hearing, all student disciplinary records shall be maintained in the Office of the Vice President of Student Services at each college, in accordance with the Records Retention requirements of the California Education Code. Student Grievance and Appeals Students are encouraged to pursue their academic studies and become involved in other college sponsored activities that promote their intellectual growth and personal development.

The college is committed to the concept that, in the pursuit of these ends, students should be free of unfair and improper actions on the part of any member of the academic community. If, at any time, a student feels that he or she has been subject to unjust actions or denied his or.

The student may also seek the assistance of a friend in attempting to resolve a grievance informally. The chart below summarizes the appropriate college channels to be utilized by any student wishing to seek redress. For further information concerning any aspect of student grievances or rights of appeal, students should contact the Office of the Vice President, Student Services.

Students may elect to grieve any decisions or actions taken. Filing a Grievance a. Any student who believes, after the informal process, that he or she continues to have a grievance shall file a Statement of Grievance available on the college website or from the Office of the Vice President, Student Services.

The form shall be filed with the Grievance Officer or Vice President of Student Services Vice President of Instruction for grade or academic grievances within one year of the incident on which the grievance is based. In presenting a grievance, the student shall submit a written statement to include, where appropriate, the following information: 1. A statement describing the nature of the problem and the action which the student desires taken.

A statement of the steps initiated by the student to resolve the problem by informal means. A description of the general and specific grounds on which the grievance is based. A listing, if relevant, of the names of all persons involved in the matter at issue and the times, places, and events in which each person so named was involved.

The Statement of Grievance must be filed whether or not the student has already initiated efforts at informal resolution, if the student wishes the grievance to become official. Scalable above inches: a. In general, the requirements for the Statement of Grievance to present sufficient grounds for a hearing shall be based on the following:.

In the absence of mistake, fraud, bad faith or incompetency according to Education Code the grade issued by the instructor may not be changed. For the specific steps for filing grade grievances, see Section B, Grade Grievances. Grievance Hearing Process Grievance Committee Membership: The Grievance Committee shall consist of one faculty member, one staff member and one student.

Faculty members for the pool will be identified by the Academic Senate, students will be identified by the Associated Students and staff members will be identified by CSEA and the Management Group. No person shall serve as a member of a Grievance Committee if that person has been personally involved in any matter giving rise to the grievance, has made any statement on the matters at issue, or could otherwise not act in a neutral manner. Any party to the grievance may challenge for cause any member of the hearing committee prior to the beginning of the hearing by addressing a challenge to the Vice President, Student Services.

This individual shall not serve as a member nor vote. The Grievance Officer shall serve to assist all parties and the Grievance Committee to facilitate a full, fair and efficient resolution of the grievance. Scalablefiled between. Any relevant information shall be admitted. Formal rules of evidence shall not apply. Participants: Each party to the grievance represents himself or herself, and may also be accompanied by a person of his or her choice who is an observer only.

Parties are not allowed to be represented by legal counsel. Hearings shall be closed and confidential. Witnesses: In a closed hearing, witnesses shall be present at the hearing only when testifying. Attendance: If the individual filing the grievance fails to appear at the hearing, only the written information will be used to make a recommendation. The decision shall include specific factual findings regarding the grievance, and shall include specific conclusions regarding whether a grievance has been established as defined above.

The decision shall also include a specific recommendation regarding the relief to be afforded the grievant, if any. The decision shall be based only on the record of the hearing, and not on matter outside of that record. The record consists of the original grievance, any written response, and the oral and written evidence produced at the hearing.

Appeal to the College President a. The student may appeal to the College President. The College President shall provide the student with a hearing, if requested, and shall review the appeal. Grievance Committee was conducted fairly in light of the charges and information presented, and in conformity with prescribed procedures giving the complaining party a reasonable opportunity to prepare and to present information and that all parties were given a reasonable opportunity to prepare and to present a response to those allegations.

Deviations from designated procedures will not be a basis for sustaining an appeal unless significant prejudice results. Step 5. A written notice of the decision of the Board shall be mailed to the student and to. Before initiating formal appeal procedures, the student shall attempt to resolve the academic or grade dispute informally with the instructor. If the dispute is not resolved, the student may initiate a grade grievance with the appropriate division dean.

If the grievance is not resolved at the division dean level, the student may appeal to the Vice President of Instruction. The decision of the Vice President on grade-related grievances is final. There is a deadline of one 1 year from the date that the grade is posted for a student to initiate a grade change. Informal Resolution a.

Any student who has a grievance shall make reasonable effort to try to resolve the matter on an informal basis prior to pursuing a formal grievance, and shall attempt to solve the problem directly with the instructor. The observer may not be an attorney. If the grade grievance is not resolved with the instructor, the student may meet with the appropriate division dean.

The student should be prepared to provide a written statement to the division dean to include the following information: 1. A statement of the steps initiated by the student to resolve the problem with the instructor. The student must be able to demonstrate mistake, fraud, bad faith or incompetency in accordance with Education Code In the absence of mistake, fraud, bad faith or incompetency, the grade issued by the instructor may not be changed.

The written notice shall be accompanied by the procedures for filing a formal grievance. Formal Process for Grade Grievances Step 1. Any student who believes, after the informal process, that he or she continues to have a grievance shall file a Statement of Grievance Form available on the college website or from the division dean. The form shall be filed with the Vice President, Instruction within one year from the date the grade was issued.

The student should attach to the Grievance Form any documentation to support the grievance. Review of Grievance a. Within five days following receipt of the Statement of Grievance Form, the Vice President, Instruction shall advise the student of his or her rights and responsibilities under these procedures. All parties shall be given not less than 14 days notice of the date, time and place of the hearing. Faculty members for the pool will be identified by the Academic Senate and students will be identified by the Associated Students.

Any party to the grievance may challenge for cause any member of the hearing committee prior to the beginning of the hearing by addressing a challenge to the Vice President, Instruction. Participants: Each party to the grievance represents himself or herself, and may also be accompanied by a friend of his or her choice who is an observer only.

The instructor may request to be accompanied by a union representative. Decision a. Committee Recommendation: Within 5 days following the close of the hearing, the Grievance Committee shall prepare and send to the Vice President, Instruction a written decision.

Hearing Process a. Prior to the scheduled Grievance Hearing, the Grievance Committee shall meet in private and without the parties present to select a chair and review the grounds for a hearing. The decision of the Vice President, Instruction, is final. Prior to scheduling the Grievance Hearing, the Vice President, Instruction shall collect the following information: 1. The Statement of Grievance Form filed by the student 2. A written response to the grievance by the instructor who issued the grade.

The instructor will provide this to the Vice President, Instruction, within 5 days of the request. Copies of these materials will be provided to Scalable above. Each party to the grievance may call witnesses and introduce oral and written tesA currently enrolled student, a Scalable between inches. Any relevant information shall be admitmission to the college, or a former student.

Day — Unless otherwise provided, day shall mean a day during which the college is in session and regular classes are held, excluding Saturdays and Sundays. Section C: Parking Citation Appeals Parking citations may be contested by completing a request online by visiting www. Anyone may contest a citation within 21 calendar days of the issue date of your citation.

The appeal will start with a "1st Level Initial Review". There is no fee to contest the citation at this level. Request a "1st Level Initial Review" by following the instructions below: 1. Indicate the reason s why the citation was issued in error.

Include any documentation to support the claim 4. Include the citation or reminder notice 5. Include full name 6. Include mailing address 7. Make copies of all documents for your records documents will not be returned 8. If the individual is dissatisfied with the results of the appeal, the individual may obtain an administrative hearing. The directions for obtaining an administrative hearing are included on the written response to the citation appeal.

A written response from the citation reflecting the results of the administrative hearing will be provided by the processing agency. If dissatisfied with the outcome of the administrative hearing the individual a hearing before a judge can be obtained. The directions for obtaining a judicial hearing are included on the written response to the administrative hearing. The following sections provide guidelines for such situations by providing specific definitions of cheating and plagiarizing, and addressing the related instructor responsibilities, student responsibilities and sanctions.

Instructor Responsibilities 1. At the beginning of every semester, the instructor shall [should] ensure that students understand the above-stated definitions of cheating and plagiarism. Instructors should focus on those aspects of these definitions which will probably Scalable between. Issues of plagiarism will clearly be more. Issues of cheating will probably be most relevant in classes which use multiple-choice and true-false type questions. Instructors are encouraged to make reference to these guidelines in their course syllabi.

The instructor should minimize opportunities for cheating and plagiarizing e. Before applying sanctions, the instructor must be able to establish, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the alleged incident actually occurred. Additionally, instructors must document the details of the alleged incident.

Student Responsibilities Students are expected to complete assignments to the best of their ability without resorting to cheating or plagiarizing, as defined above. Sanctions Among academic sanctions an instructor may choose to utilize are the following: 1. Warn the student, if the infraction is not intentional or flagrant, that any future violation will be dealt with in a more severe manner. Students should also be warned that a more serious sanction will be applied should another violation occur in the future.

The instructor shall report the violation to the Vice President, Student Services, whose office maintains such information. The instructor should complete the Notice of Student Violation of Guidelines Addressing Cheating and Dishonesty which includes the following: 1 name and identification number of the student, 2 the specific nature of the violation, 3 the date of its occurrence, 4 how the violation was determined, and 5 any additional comments that the instructor wishes to include.

The Vice President will determine the Collegelevel discipline that is appropriate based on the magnitude and severity of other documented reports related to the same student. All disciplinary information is maintained only in the Office of the Vice President, Student Services, and is confidential in nature.

Time, Place and Manner of Speech Students, employees and members of the public shall be free to exercise their rights of free expression, subject to the requirements of this policy and College procedures on Time, Place and Manner of Speech.

College of San Mateo is considered a nonpublic forum, except for those areas that are generally available for use by students, employees or members of the public, which are limited public forums. Use of the limited public forums shall be regulated by the following procedures regarding time, place and manner of speech.

The College reserves the right to revoke that designation for areas when they are no longer generally open to students, employees or members of the public and apply a nonpublic forum designation. Areas of the college that are not a public forum include but are not limited to instructional and administrative buildings and outdoor instruction areas. Any public meeting, demonstration, or rally on campus will be governed by the regulations of the College of San Mateo as to time, place, and manner of speech.

Students have the full right to express their to college regulations in regard to time, place, and manner of speech. Disruptive behavior is defined as any action which interferes with the functions or activities of the College to the point where such functions or activities can no longer effectively continue.

Examples of such functions or activities are classroom activities, athletic events, administrative activities, approved assemblies, meetings and programs, and construction work. Distribution of Materials All persons using the areas of the college generally available to students, employees or members of the public shall be allowed to distribute petitions, circulars, leaflets, newspapers, and other printed matter.

Such distribution shall take place only within the areas generally available to students, employees or members of the public. Material distributed in the areas generally available to students, employees or members of the public that is discarded or dropped in or around the areas generally available to students, employees or members of the public other than in an appropriate receptacle must be retrieved and removed or properly discarded by those persons distributing the material prior to their departure from the areas generally available to students, employees or members of the public that day.

Placing fliers, leaflets, or other materials on vehicles parked in CSM parking lots is prohibited; violators will be charged with the costs related with cleaning such materials left in campus parking lots. San Mateo City Ordinance All general posting instructions apply. Community Posting Instructions — Applies to all postings by non-college affiliated groups and organizations.

Campus Posting The College provides bulletin boards and other designated locations for use in posting materials. Exceptions Exceptions to any of the above policies require the approval of the Administrator responsible for the specific location in question.

City of San Mateo Ordinance Revision of Regulations Any regulation adopted by the administration of College of San Mateo will be considered an official ruling and will supersede regulations on the same subject which appear in this Catalog and other official publications, provided that the new regulation has been officially announced and posted.

Villareal Director, Student Support. Assessment Center Services Using Placement Test Results to Meet Course Prerequisites Math placement test results, for the purpose of course placement and meeting prerequisite requirements, are valid for two years only. Students can, however, select to repeat the English or ESL placement tests once every two years. Test results, for this purpose, remain valid even if there is a break in attendance. However, test results must meet the associate degree competency requirements of the catalog year in which the degree is based.

There is no charge for placement testing. Computerized testing is offered year round by appointment to students who have completed a College of San Mateo Admissions Application, have a CSM student identification number, present an approved photo identification e. Placement tests are required for all students who plan to enroll at College of San Mateo to complete a vocational certificate, an associate degree, transfer to a university, or for students who are undecided but considering one of the aforementioned goals.

Also, placement tests are required to enroll in English, ESL, reading, and mathematics, and other courses that have math or English prerequisites.